We will present the customs and traditions of the Ikarians, a simple and hospitable people who deeply honor their unique homeland, its history, and its folk culture. Situated at the crossroads of two continents, the island of Ikaria has cultivated a rich folk tradition over its long history, one that remains vibrant and relevant even today. The authenticity, valuable experiences, heartfelt enjoyment, passion, and wisdom in simplicity that define the customs and traditions of Ikarian society have been preserved and seamlessly integrated into modern life. These elements continue to attract thousands of visitors, with highlights including the famous Ikarian festivals.
In this blog, we will aim to guide you through the most distinctive religious traditions of the Ikarian people
RELIGIOUS CUSTOMS OF IKARIA
A) CHRISTMASChristmas is one of the most beloved celebrations for the people of Ikaria, eagerly anticipated due to the end of the forty-day fasting period leading up to the holiday. This festive season is marked by unique customs, traditions, and culinary preparations.
Christmas Sweets
The preparation of sweets played a central role in the days leading up to Christmas. The most popular treats included:
"Foinikia" (Honey Cookies): These were made with traditional methods before the introduction of modern baking ingredients like baking powder. Instead, housewives used "alisiva," a leavening agent made by boiling ash from fig wood with water and straining the liquid.
Melomakarona and Kourabiedes: Traditional honey cookies and almond shortbread cookies, which were originally made using pork fat instead of butter.
Xerotigana or "Diples": Thin, fried dough drizzled with honey.
Walnuts and Dried Figs ("Pastelaries"): Served alongside other festive treats, they were a common snack on the Christmas table.
Christmas Carols
On Christmas Eve, children sang carols, known as "Kolianta" or "Kolindra", derived from the Latin word Calendae (referring to the first day of the month in the Roman calendar). This tradition reflects the influence of ancient pagan customs, where children sang songs to welcome the spring, wishing for good health and prosperity.
In Ikaria, children would knock on every door in the village, singing:"Kalin Esperan Archontes, Ki An Einai O Orismos Sas,Christou Tin Theian Gennisi, Na Po Sto Archontiko Sas..."The first child to sing often received the largest reward, so children woke up at dawn to visit as many houses as possible, carrying "matsoukes" or "matsoukia" (wooden staffs). These sticks symbolized the shepherds’ staffs from the Bible but were also used for protection from wild dogs or rival children from neighboring villages.
Christmas Tree
Decorating a Christmas tree is a more recent tradition, introduced by the Bavarians in 1833. The first tree in Greece was set up in King Otto’s palace. Before 1945, Ikarian trees were adorned with corn and red peppers. Later, political exiles on the island (1947–1950) popularized decorating trees with painted cypress cones and pinecones. Another tradition on the island is the Christmas Boat, influenced by neighboring Chios.
Simple Christmas Eve Meals
On Christmas Eve, those fasting would eat modest meals, such as boiled potatoes and rice or bulgur soup, to prepare for the festive feast the following day.
Kalikantzari (Goblins)
Ikarians believed that mischievous goblins, "Kalikantzari", arrived on Christmas Eve, traveling from Mykonos in tiny boats resembling nutshells. They were thought to leave on the Eve of Epiphany. To ward them off, homeowners would throw a handful of salt outside their doors and lock them securely. Some villagers would even dress as Kalikantzari to prank elderly residents, who would give them food, like pork, to make them leave.
The "Hog Slaughter" Tradition
The "Hog Slaughter", or "Choirosfagi", dates back to ancient Dionysian festivals. The slaughter took place after Christmas, as villagers observed fasting until they received Holy Communion. It was a communal event involving neighbors and relatives. The meat was used to prepare traditional dishes such as:
"Loukanika" (sausages) made from cleaned intestines.
"Pichti" (a jelly-like dish from the head).
"Kaourmas" (preserved pork).
Excess meat was stored in brine as refrigeration was unavailable. After the hard work, a feast ensued, accompanied by plenty of wine.
The Vasilopita (New Year’s Cake)
On New Year’s Eve, every household prepared a Vasilopita, a cake with a coin hidden inside, symbolizing good fortune for the year ahead. Traditionally, the cake was decorated with Christian symbols or patterns like flowers and fruits. It was cut at midnight, with the first slices dedicated to Christ, Saint Basil, and the home. In Ikaria, fishermen would even bring the cake to their boats, touching it to all corners for good luck and safe navigation.
Equally impressive is the fact that a similar “party” filled with delicacies, carols, wine, and revelry takes place during Epiphany. And what better place to dive for the cross than Ikaria? Despite the cold winter, the island continues to keep its hospitable spirit warm and alive.
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